{"id":31836,"date":"2026-09-18T04:19:22","date_gmt":"2026-09-18T04:19:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/?p=31836"},"modified":"2026-10-15T02:27:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-15T02:27:36","slug":"que-en-sabem-dels-aqueductes-romans","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/2026\/09\/18\/que-en-sabem-dels-aqueductes-romans\/","title":{"rendered":"QU\u00c8 EN SABEM DELS AQ\u00dcEDUCTES ROMANS?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Els alumnes de 4t d\u2019ESO del Cor de Maria de Valls, que treballem en el projecte de la Mina de l\u2019Arquebisbe, ens preguntem: QU\u00c8 EN SABEM, DELS AQ\u00dcEDUCTES ROMANS?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quan parlem dels aq\u00fceductes de la T\u00e0rraco romana, el primer que ens ve al cap \u00e9s el <strong>pont de les Ferreres<\/strong>, conegut popularment com el pont del Diable. Per\u00f2, com s\u2019abastia d\u2019aigua la ciutat en \u00e8poca romana? D\u2019on venia l\u2019aigua i com aconseguien transportar-la al llarg de quil\u00f2metres mantenint el pendent necessari perqu\u00e8 circul\u00e9s per gravetat?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/01-que-en-sabem-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31837\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/01-que-en-sabem-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/01-que-en-sabem-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/01-que-en-sabem-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/01-que-en-sabem-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per respondre aquestes preguntes, ens hem documentat a partir dels estudis de l\u2019equip liderat per <strong>Jordi L\u00f3pez Vilar, de l\u2019Institut Catal\u00e0 d\u2019Arqueologia Cl\u00e0ssica (ICAC)<\/strong>. La recerca ens ha perm\u00e8s con\u00e8ixer millor les caracter\u00edstiques constructives dels aq\u00fceductes romans i comprendre la import\u00e0ncia de l\u2019enginyeria hidr\u00e0ulica en el desenvolupament de T\u00e0rraco.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a>El pont de les Ferreres: enginyeria romana en estat pur<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El pont de les Ferreres formava part de l\u2019aq\u00fceducte del Francol\u00ed, que transportava aigua des de l\u2019entorn de Vallmoll, al torrent de la Fonollosa, a la comarca de l\u2019Alt Camp, fins a T\u00e0rraco. Constru\u00eft probablement al segle I dC, era una infraestructura essencial per garantir el subministrament d\u2019aigua a la ciutat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Les seves dimensions m\u00e0ximes s\u00f3n impressionants:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Llarg\u00e0ria:<\/strong> 215,08 metres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Al\u00e7ada m\u00e0xima:<\/strong> 24,04 metres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Amplada a la base:<\/strong> una dada que volem concretar a partir de la documentaci\u00f3 arqueol\u00f2gica.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Amplada i al\u00e7ada del conducte:<\/strong> dues mesures que tamb\u00e9 ens proposem investigar per comprendre millor com es transportava l\u2019aigua.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/03-mina-romana-aqueducte-francoli-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31838\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/03-mina-romana-aqueducte-francoli-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/03-mina-romana-aqueducte-francoli-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/03-mina-romana-aqueducte-francoli-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/03-mina-romana-aqueducte-francoli-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">El pont de les Ferreres era un dels elements m\u00e9s espectaculars d\u2019un sistema de captaci\u00f3 i conducci\u00f3 d\u2019aigua molt m\u00e9s extens. T\u00e0rraco comptava tamb\u00e9 amb un altre aq\u00fceducte principal: l\u2019<strong>aqua Augusta<\/strong>, conegut com l\u2019aq\u00fceducte del Gai\u00e0. En una primera fase, el tra\u00e7at arribava des de la zona de Puigpelat fins a T\u00e0rraco; posteriorment, es va ampliar amb el tram compr\u00e8s entre el Pont d\u2019Armentera i Puigpelat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/06-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31839\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/06-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/06-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/06-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/06-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/07-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31840\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/07-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/07-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/07-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/07-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019estudi d\u2019aquestes dues infraestructures ens ajuda a entendre com els romans van transformar el territori per garantir l\u2019arribada de l\u2019aigua a la ciutat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a>Investiguem el pendent: com circulava l\u2019aigua?<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Una de les q\u00fcestions que m\u00e9s ens ha interessat \u00e9s comprendre com podia circular l\u2019aigua al llarg del pont de les Ferreres sense necessitat de bombes ni altres mecanismes de pressi\u00f3. La clau \u00e9s el pendent: l\u2019aigua havia d\u2019avan\u00e7ar gr\u00e0cies a la for\u00e7a de la gravetat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per estudiar-ho, hem treballat amb les cotes dels dos extrems del pont:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cota del costat nord:<\/strong> 56,8 metres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cota del costat sud:<\/strong> 56,4 metres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Longitud aproximada:<\/strong> 215 metres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/08-pendent-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x768.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31841\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/08-pendent-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x768.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/08-pendent-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/08-pendent-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x576.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/08-pendent-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La difer\u00e8ncia d\u2019altura entre els dos extrems \u00e9s:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">56,8 \u2212 56,4 = 0,4 m<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A partir d\u2019aquesta difer\u00e8ncia, podem calcular el pendent:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Pendent = 0,4 m \/ 215 m = 0,00186<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><br>Si expressem el resultat en tant per cent:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">0,00186 \/100 = 0,186%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Per tant, el pendent mitj\u00e0 calculat a partir d\u2019aquestes cotes \u00e9s aproximadament del <strong>0,19 %<\/strong>, equivalent a <strong>1,86 \u2030<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aix\u00f2 significa que hi ha una difer\u00e8ncia d\u2019altura d\u2019uns 1,86 metres per cada quil\u00f2metre de recorregut si es mantingu\u00e9s aquest mateix pendent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/09-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31842\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/09-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/09-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/09-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/09-pont-de-les-ferreres-pont-del-diable-tarraco-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquest c\u00e0lcul ens permet visualitzar fins a quin punt l\u2019enginyeria romana havia de ser precisa: calia mantenir una inclinaci\u00f3 prou suau perqu\u00e8 l\u2019aigua circul\u00e9s per gravetat i, alhora, prou regular per garantir el funcionament de tota la infraestructura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Cal tenir present que aquest resultat \u00e9s una estimaci\u00f3 basada en les cotes i la longitud indicades. Per determinar el pendent hidr\u00e0ulic real, caldria comprovar les cotes exactes del canal i el seu tra\u00e7at.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a>De la recerca a la modelitzaci\u00f3: dos nous reptes<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tot aquest treball ens ha portat a plantejar-nos dos nous reptes. Volem passar de l\u2019observaci\u00f3 i l\u2019estudi arqueol\u00f2gic a la representaci\u00f3 gr\u00e0fica i la construcci\u00f3 de models.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Primer repte: modelitzar els aq\u00fceductes en 2D i 3D.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dissenyarem amb l\u2019ordinador les estructures dels aq\u00fceductes per entendre\u2019n la geometria, les proporcions i les caracter\u00edstiques constructives. La representaci\u00f3 en dues dimensions ens permetr\u00e0 treballar les vistes, les al\u00e7ades i les longituds, mentre que el modelatge en tres dimensions ens ajudar\u00e0 a visualitzar-ne el volum i els elements arquitect\u00f2nics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Segon repte: construir maquetes a escala 1:1000.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A partir dels models digitals, volem construir dues maquetes que ens permetin comparar dues solucions d\u2019enginyeria hidr\u00e0ulica vinculades a la T\u00e0rraco romana:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Maqueta 1. El pont de les Ferreres<\/strong>, amb una longitud real de 215 metres.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Maqueta 2. El pont aq\u00fceducte de l\u2019aqua Augusta<\/strong>, situat entre la muntanya de l\u2019Oliva i les muralles de T\u00e0rraco, amb una longitud estimada de 700 metres.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A escala 1:1000, cada metre de la realitat es converteix en un mil\u00b7l\u00edmetre a la maqueta. Per tant, les longituds resultants serien:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Infraestructura<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Longitud real<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Longitud de la maqueta<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pont de les Ferreres<\/td><td>215 m<\/td><td>21,5 cm<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pont aq\u00fceducte de l\u2019aqua Augusta<\/td><td>700 m<\/td><td>70 cm<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aquesta escala ens permetr\u00e0 representar estructures de dimensions molt diferents en un format manejable, comparar-ne les proporcions i plantejar-nos com s\u2019haurien pogut construir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La longitud de 700 metres del segon pont \u00e9s una dada de treball que caldr\u00e0 contrastar amb la documentaci\u00f3 arqueol\u00f2gica abans de donar-la per definitiva. Tamb\u00e9 haurem d\u2019investigar-ne les al\u00e7ades, l\u2019amplada, la disposici\u00f3 dels pilars i les caracter\u00edstiques del canal per poder elaborar una maqueta rigorosa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><a>Aprendre del passat per dissenyar el futur<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">L\u2019estudi dels aq\u00fceductes romans ens ofereix una oportunitat per connectar la hist\u00f2ria, l\u2019arqueologia, les matem\u00e0tiques, la tecnologia i l\u2019expressi\u00f3 art\u00edstica. Cal documentar-se, interpretar dades, calcular pendents, treballar amb escales, dissenyar models digitals i transformar-los en objectes tridimensionals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A m\u00e9s, ens permet descobrir que darrere d\u2019una construcci\u00f3 que avui admirem com a monument hi havia un problema real que calia resoldre: <strong>com fer arribar l\u2019aigua a una ciutat aprofitant el relleu i la for\u00e7a de la gravetat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ara ens toca a nosaltres investigar, calcular, dissenyar i construir. Serem capa\u00e7os de reproduir l\u2019enginy dels romans a trav\u00e9s dels nostres models digitals i les nostres maquetes?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/10-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-a-pallaresos-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31843\" srcset=\"https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/10-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-a-pallaresos-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-1024x576.png 1024w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/10-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-a-pallaresos-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/10-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-a-pallaresos-Cor-de-Maria-Valls-768x432.png 768w, https:\/\/retotech.fundacionendesa.org\/multisite\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2026\/10\/10-mina-romana-aqua-augusta-a-pallaresos-Cor-de-Maria-Valls.png 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Els alumnes de 4t d\u2019ESO del Cor de Maria de Valls, que treballem en el projecte de la Mina de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3317,"featured_media":31837,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31836","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-retotech"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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